Esmail Hasanzadeh
Abstract
During the 231 years of its rule in the city of Gilan, the kayaians passed many ups and down in relation with local and regional government. Policies were adopted at each stage in accordance with the political and social needs of both internal and external. One of these periods was the period of Karkia ...
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During the 231 years of its rule in the city of Gilan, the kayaians passed many ups and down in relation with local and regional government. Policies were adopted at each stage in accordance with the political and social needs of both internal and external. One of these periods was the period of Karkia Mirza Ali ruling, which coincided with the collapse of the rule of Aq Qoyunlu. This simultaneously led to Karkia Mirza Ali’s departure from the traditional foreign policy of the family of citizenship toward the central government of Iran and the adoption of an aggressive opposition policy. Using these main sources and analyzing the historical narratives, this paper seeks to explain the impact of reform on internal instability and the causes of the failure of an aggressive antipolitic policy towards Aq Qoyunlu. The coincidence of the implementation of internal reforms with the adoption of a new foreign policy led to intensification or the rivalry within the kayaian dynasty. Several Karkia Mirza Ali’s defeats in foreign policy, including the Marashian of Mazandaran, Aq Qoyunlu and other local governments, led to the loss of part of their traditional territory. These failures stagnated internal dissenters to exacerbate their opposition. Eventually, Karkia Mirza Ali was defeated and killed by a riot inside the house. His killing led the kayaian government into traditional politics of nationality form the central government of Iran.
